What Are the Different Types of TOS?
Thoracic outlet syndrome is classified into 3 main types based on the structures that are compressed:
- Neurogenic TOS. This is the most common type. It results from compression of the brachial plexus nerves, leading to numbness, tingling, pain, and weakness in the upper limbs.
- Venous TOS. This type occurs when veins are compressed, causing symptoms like arm or hand swelling, bluish skin discoloration, and pain, often linked to blood clots and pulmonary emboli.
- Arterial TOS. This is the least common form. It involves compression of the subclavian artery, resulting in coldness, numbness, pain in the arm or hand, and a potentially weakened or absent pulse. Left untreated, it can lead to gangrene and require amputation.
Each type of TOS requires different diagnostic approaches and treatments, making it important to accurately identify which structures are being compressed.
Can Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Resolve on Its Own?
Thoracic outlet syndrome typically does not resolve on its own. While mild cases may see some improvement with lifestyle changes, such as better posture or avoiding activities that exacerbate symptoms, more severe cases usually require targeted treatments like physical therapy, medication, or even surgery to fully address the condition.
Often, with more targeted, intensive care, those diagnosed with TOS can fully recover.
In the news:
A 23-Year-Old U.S. Coast Guard Crewman Recovers From Severe Case of TOS
Justin Pomeroy, a 23-year-old U.S. Coast Guard crewman, developed thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) after a weightlifting incident. Despite being fit for his physically demanding job, Justin experienced debilitating weakness and swelling in his arm, leading to a diagnosis of TOS.
After attempting various conservative treatments with limited success and ultimately being medically retired from the Coast Guard due to the injury, Justin sought further treatment at the Mayo Clinic, where he underwent rib resection surgery, significantly improving his condition.
Justin’s case underscores the importance of seeking medical attention, obtaining an accurate diagnosis, and exploring all treatment options, including surgery, to ensure the best possible outcome. Workers experiencing similar symptoms should consult with their health care providers and consider filing for workers’ compensation to receive the support they need during recovery.
What Triggers Thoracic Outlet Syndrome?
Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) can be triggered by various factors that cause compression of the nerves, arteries, or veins in the thoracic outlet, including:
- Repetitive activities. Repeated motions involving the arms and shoulders, such as lifting, reaching overhead, or certain athletic movements, can lead to the development of TOS and other repetitive stress injuries.
- Poor posture. Slouching, hunching, or maintaining an awkward posture for extended periods can increase pressure on the thoracic outlet, triggering symptoms.
- Anatomical abnormalities. Conditions like cervical ribs (an extra rib above the first rib) or tight ligaments leading from the rib cage to the spine can naturally compress the thoracic outlet, increasing the risk of TOS.
- Tumors or growths. Abnormal growths near the thoracic outlet can press on nerves, arteries, or veins, triggering TOS.
- Trauma. Trauma from falls, sports injuries, or car accidents, including rear-end accidents, T-bone collisions, and work-related car crashes, can cause damage or structural changes that compress the thoracic outlet, leading to TOS.
- Heavy lifting. Frequently lifting heavy objects or engaging in activities that place significant strain on the shoulders and upper body can contribute to TOS.
- Pregnancy. Hormonal changes and increased fluid retention during pregnancy can sometimes lead to swelling and compression in the thoracic outlet.
- Anatomy. Those born female are more prone to developing TOS due to anatomical and hormonal factors.
Because TOS can result from numerous factors, including common activities, and can mimic the symptoms of other conditions, it’s crucial to see a doctor for a prompt diagnosis and treatment if you’re at an increased risk for the condition to prevent a potentially life-threatening complication.
A guide to help you understand your right to workers’ comp benefits when a work injury makes your pre-existing condition worse.
Read more.
Can TOS Be Caused by Your Job?
Yes, thoracic outlet syndrome can definitely develop from work-related activities. Certain workers are particularly susceptible to thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS), especially those whose job duties involve repetitive arm and shoulder movements, heavy lifting, prolonged awkward positions, or driving.
Workers most at risk of developing this condition include:
Fortunately, most workers who develop this condition as a result of their jobs are eligible for workers’ comp benefits to aid in their recoveries.
Can I Get Workers’ Comp in SC if I Have TOS?
Yes, you are likely eligible to file for workers’ compensation in South Carolina if you have thoracic outlet syndrome and your condition is work-related. In South Carolina, most employers with 4 or more employees (not independent contractors), whether part-time or full-time, are required to provide workers’ compensation insurance.
If you can demonstrate that your TOS was caused or aggravated by your job duties, you should be able to file a claim for workers’ comp benefits.
What Workers’ Compensation Benefits Am I Entitled to if I Develop TOS?
If your work injury claim for thoracic outlet syndrome is approved, you may be eligible for several key workers’ comp benefits, including:
- Medical benefits. Coverage for all necessary medical treatments related to your TOS, including doctor visits, surgeries, imaging tests, medications, and rehabilitation.
- Wage replacement. Compensation for a portion of your lost wages (typically two-thirds) if TOS prevents you from working or limits your ability to work.
- Vocational rehabilitation. Assistance with job retraining or education if your TOS symptoms prevent you from continuing in your previous job, helping you transition to new employment.
- Death benefits. If TOS leads to a worker’s death, benefits are provided to dependents to help cover funeral expenses and lost income.
The amount of benefits you’re entitled to vary greatly depending on the severity of the condition. Workers whose TOS causes long-term complications or prevents them from resuming their previous work activities should contact a local Columbia work injury attorney before accepting a lump-sum or structured settlement offer to ensure they’re getting the full benefits they deserve.
Learn when you’re most likely to get a settlement offer from workers’ comp and how to know if you should accept it.
Read more.
What Might a Worker’s Comp Claim for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Be Denied?
Unfortunately, workers’ compensation claims for thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) may initially be denied by an employer or their insurer.
Common reasons for denying these claims include:
- Failure to report the injury on time. If you don’t follow the necessary steps to file a claim, including notifying your employer about your TOS within the required90-day period, your claim could be denied.
- Not seeking treatment from an employer-approved physician. Workers’ comp claims require that you receive medical treatment from a doctor approved by your employer. If you don’t follow this procedure, your claim may be rejected.
- Employer disputes the injury is work-related. Your employer might argue that your TOS wasn’t caused by your job or that it resulted from activities outside of work, leading to a denial of your claim.
An experienced workers’ compensation attorney can be invaluable in navigating these challenges. They can help ensure you meet all deadlines and procedural requirements, such as reporting the injury and seeking treatment from the right medical professionals. Additionally, they can gather and present evidence to prove that your TOS is work-related, countering any claims your employer might make to the contrary.
Beyond these basics, an attorney can assist with more complex aspects of your claim. They can connect you with medical experts who can provide critical testimony about the cause and severity of your condition. They can also negotiate with insurance companies to secure a fair settlement and represent you in hearings or appeals if your claim is denied.
Dealing With a Denied Claim for Work-Related TOS? Our SC Workers’ Compensation Attorneys Can Help!
At Smith, Born, Leventis, Taylor & Vega, we believe that every worker deserves a safe workplace. If you’ve developed thoracic outlet syndrome or suffered any other work-related injury, you shouldn’t have to worry about covering medical expenses or paying your bills.
Our skilled Columbia work injury attorneys offer free, no-obligation consultations to provide you with the support and guidance you need to get the benefits you deserve.
